83.140.99 (Other rubber and plastic products) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D5364-08 燃煤单位玻璃纤维增强塑料烟囱衬里的设计,制造及安装标准导则

This guide provides information, requirements and recommendations for design professionals, fabricators, installers and end-users of FRP chimney liners. FRP is a cost-effective and appropriate material of construction for liners operating at moderate temperatures in a corrosive chemical environment. This guide provides uniformity and consistency to the design, fabrication, and erection of fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) liners for concrete chimneys with coal-fired units. Other fossil fuels will require a thorough review of the operating and service conditions and the impact on material selection. This guide is limited specifically to FRP liners within a supporting concrete shell and is not applicable to other FRP cylindrical structures. 1.1 This guide offers direction and guidance to the user concerning available techniques and methods for design, material selection, fabrication, erection, inspection, confirmatory testing, quality control and assurance. 1.2 These minimum guidelines, when properly used and implemented, can help ensure a safe and reliable structure for the industry. 1.3 This guide offers minimum requirements for the proper design of a FRP liner once the service conditions relative to thermal, chemical, and erosive environments are defined. Due to the variability in liner height, diameter, and the environment, each liner must be designed and detailed individually. 1.4 Selection of the necessary resins and reinforcements, composition of the laminate, and proper testing methods are offered. 1.5 Once the material is selected and the liner designed, procedures for proper fabrication of the liner are developed. 1.6 Field erection, sequence of construction, proper field-joint preparation, and alignment are reviewed. 1.7 Quality control and assurance procedures are developed for the design, fabrication, and erection phases. The quality-assurance program defines the proper authority and responsibility, control of design, material, fabrication and erection, inspection procedures, tolerances, and conformity to standards. The quality-control procedures provide the steps required to implement the quality-assurance program. 1.8 Appendix X1 includes research and development subjects to further support recommendations of this guide. 1.9 Disclaimer8212;The reader is cautioned that independent professional judgment must be exercised when data or recommendations set forth in this guide are applied. The publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of ASTM that this information is suitable for general or particular use, or freedom from infringement of any patent or patents. Anyone making use of this information assumes all liability arising from such use. The design of structures is within the scope of expertise of a licensed architect, structural engineer, or other licensed professional for the application of principles to a particular structure. Note 18212;There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. 1.10 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Design, Fabrication, and Erection of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Chimney Liners with Coal-Fired Units

ASTM D1003-07 透明塑料的透光率和雾度的测定用标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of specific light-transmitting and wide-angle-light-scattering properties of planar sections of materials such as essentially transparent plastic. Two procedures are provided for the measurement of luminous transmittance and haze. Procedure A uses a hazemeter as described in Section and Procedure B uses a spectrophotometer as described in Section . Material having a haze value greater than 30 % is considered diffusing and should be tested in accordance with Practice E 167.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Note 1For greater discrimination among materials that scatter a high percent of light within a narrow forward angle, such as is the case with abraded transparent plastics, adjust the hazemeter and perform measurements in accordance with Test Method D 1044.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. This test method is not equivalent to ISO 13468-1 and ISO/DIS 14782.

Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics

ASTM D1003-07e1 透明塑料混浊度和透光率的标准试验方法

Light that is scattered upon passing through a film or sheet of a material can produce a hazy or smoky field when objects are viewed through the material. Another effect can be veiling glare, as occurs in an automobile windshield when driving into the sun. Although haze measurements are made most commonly by the use of a hazemeter, a spectrophotometer may be used, provided that it meets the geometric and spectral requirements of Section 5. The use of a spectrophotometer for haze measurement of plastics can provide valuable diagnostic data on the origin of the haze, and Procedure B is devoted to the use of a spectrophotometer. Procedure A (hazemeter) test values are normally slightly higher and less variable than Procedure B (spectrophotometer) test values. Regular luminous transmittance is obtained by placing a clear specimen at some distance from the entrance port of the integrating sphere. However, when the specimen is hazy, the total hemispherical luminous transmittance must be measured by placing the specimen at the entrance port of the sphere. The measured total hemispherical luminous transmittance will be greater than the regular luminous transmittance, depending on the optical properties of the sample. With this test method, the specimen is necessarily placed at the entrance port of the sphere in order to measure haze and total hemispherical luminous transmittance. Haze data representative of the material may be obtained by avoiding heterogeneous surface or internal defects not characteristic of the material. Haze and luminous-transmittance data are especially useful for quality control and specification purposes. Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no material specifications, then the default conditions apply.1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of specific light-transmitting and wide-angle-light-scattering properties of planar sections of materials such as essentially transparent plastic. Two procedures are provided for the measurement of luminous transmittance and haze. Procedure A uses a hazemeter as described in Section 5 and Procedure B uses a spectrophotometer as described in Section 8. Material having a haze value greater than 30 % is considered diffusing and should be tested in accordance with Practice E 167. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Note 18212;For greater discrimination among materials that scatter a high percent of light within a narrow forward angle, such as is the case with abraded transparent plastics, adjust the hazemeter and perform measurements in accordance with Test Method D 1044. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 28212;This test method is not equivalent to ISO 13468–1 and ISO/DIS 14782.

Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics

ASTM D6134-07 用于防水系统的硫化橡胶板的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers unreinforced vulcanized rubber sheets made from ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) or butyl (IIR), intended for use in preventing water under hydrostatic pressure from entering a structure.1.2 The tests and property limits used to characterize these sheets are specific for each classification and are minimum values to make the product fit for its intended purpose.

Standard Specification for Vulcanized Rubber Sheets Used in Waterproofing Systems

ASTM D6364-06(2011) 土工人工合成材料短期压缩性状测定的标准试验方法

The compression behavior test for geosynthetics is intended to be an index test. It is anticipated that the results of the compression behavior test will be used to evaluate product. The results of the analyses may also be used to compare the relative compressive yield points of materials that exhibit a detectable compressive yield point. It is anticipated that this test will be used for quality control testing to evaluate uniformity and consistency within a lot or between lots where sample geometry factors (for example, thickness) or materials may have changed. Note 18212;This is a one-dimensional test for compressive loading of a geosynthetic(s) in one plane. The compressive yield point of geosynthetics may be evaluated from the stress/strain relationship. Many materials exhibit compressive deformation but may not show a distinct compressive yield point. This test method can be used to evaluate the short-term stress/strain behavior of geosynthetics under compressive stress while loaded at a constant rate of deformation. This test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of geosynthetics but caution is advised because interlab testing is incomplete. In the case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, two parties should take a group of test specimens from material shipped to the project. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the Student''s t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.1.1 This test method covers the procedures for evaluation of the deformations of a geosynthetic or combination of geosynthetics (that is, geocomposite (excluding geotextiles, geomembranes, and geosynthetic clay liners)) under short-term compressive loading. This test method is strictly an index test method to be used to verify the compressive strength consistency of a given manufactured geosynthetic(s). Results from this test method should not be considered as an indication of actual or long-term performance of the geosynthetic(s) in field applications. 1.2 Since these geosynthetics may experience muti-directional compressive loadings in the field, this test method will not show actual field performance and should not be used for this specific objective. The evaluator of the results should also recognize that the determination of the short-term single plane compressive behavior of geosynthetics does not reflect the installed performance of synthetic drainage systems and, therefore, should not be used as the only method of product specification or performance with respect to synthetic drainage systems. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate health and safety practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values in inch-pound units are provided in parentheses for information.

Standard Test Method for Determining Short-Term Compression Behavior of Geosynthetics

ASTM D788-06 聚甲基丙烯酸酯(PMMA)模制和挤压化合物的标准分类系统

1.1 The purpose of this classification system is to provide a method of adequately identifying PMMA materials using a system consistent with that of Classification System D 4000. It further provides a means for specifying these materials by the use of a simple line callout designation.1.2 This classification system covers poly(methyl methacrylate) molding and extrusion compounds. These compounds are polymers based on methyl methacrylate, and at least 70 % of the polymer shall be polymerized from methyl methacrylate.1.3 The properties in this classification system are those required to identify the compositions covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specific applications. These shall be described by using the suffixes as given in Section 5.1.4 Acrylic molding and extrusion compounds are used frequently in applications where extreme clarity and the ability to retain that clarity and color under severe weathering and other environmental exposures are of primary significance. While the test specimen properties of this document may be used to evaluate nonvirgin materials, the user should take precautions to ensure that parts made from these materials meet the desired end-use requirements. Accordingly, this specification allows for the use of those acrylic plastic materials that can be recycled, reconstituted, and regrounded provided the following:1.4.1 The requirements as stated in this specification are met,1.4.2 The material has not been modified in any way to alter its conformance to food contact regulations or similar requirements, and1.4.3 The requirements of the particular end-use application are met.1.5 This classification system and subsequent line callout (specification) are not intended for the selection of materials, but only as a means to call out plastic materials to be used for the manufacture of parts. The selection of these materials is to be made by personnel with expertise in the plastics field in which the environment, inherent properties of the materials, performance of the parts, part design, manufacturing process, and economics are considered. Note 1 - This classification system is similar to ISO 8257-1:1987 in title only. The technical content is significantly different.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Classification System for Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) Molding and Extrusion Compounds

ASTM D3307-06 全氟烷氧基(PFA)-碳氟树脂模塑及挤压材料标准规范

1.1 This specification covers melt processable molding and extrusion materials of PFA-perfluoro(alkoxy alkane) fluorocarbon resin. The materials are copolymers of TFE-fluorocarbon resins containing perfluoroalkoxy side chains. These materials were formerly the subject of this specification and Specification D 6314.1.2 This specification is intended to provide a means for calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastics field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the costs involved, and the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this specification.1.3 This specification does not cover recycled plastics.1.4 The tests involved are intended to provide information for identifying the materials covered. It is not the function of this specification to provide engineering data for design purposes. Specimens prepared by injection molding or extrusion could yield test results that may vary from the values in this specification.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are for information only.The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portions, Sections and of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1This specification, ISO 12086-1(2006), and ISO 12086-2(2006) differ in approach or detail. Data obtained using either may not be technically equivalent.

Standard Specification for Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA)-Fluorocarbon Resin Molding and Extrusion Materials

ASTM D6364-06 土工合成织物短期压缩处理测定的标准试验方法

The compression behavior test for geosynthetics is intended to be an index test. It is anticipated that the results of the compression behavior test will be used to evaluate product. The results of the analyses may also be used to compare the relative compressive yield points of materials that exhibit a detectable compressive yield point. It is anticipated that this test will be used for quality control testing to evaluate uniformity and consistency within a lot or between lots where sample geometry factors (for example, thickness) or materials may have changed. Note 18212;This is a one-dimensional test for compressive loading of a geosynthetic(s) in one plane. 5.1.1 The compressive yield point of geosynthetics may be evaluated from the stress/strain relationship. Many materials exhibit compressive deformation but may not show a distinct compressive yield point. This test method can be used to evaluate the short-term stress/strain behavior of geosynthetics under compressive stress while loaded at a constant rate of deformation. This test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of geosynthetics but caution is advised because interlab testing is incomplete. 5.3.1 In the case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, two parties should take a group of test specimens from material shipped to the project. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the Studentrsquo;t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.1.1 This test method covers the procedures for evaluation of the deformations of a geosynthetic or combination of geosynthetics (that is, geocomposite (excluding geotextiles, geomembranes, and geosynthetic clay liners)) under short-term compressive loading. This test method is strictly an index test method to be used to verify the compressive strength consistency of a given manufactured geosynthetic(s). Results from this test method should not be considered as an indication of actual or long-term performance of the geosynthetic(s) in field applications.1.2 Since these geosynthetics may experience muti-directional compressive loadings in the field, this test method will not show actual field performance and should not be used for this specific objective. The evaluator of the results should also recognize that the determination of the short-term single plane compressive behavior of geosynthetics does not reflect the installed performance of synthetic drainage systems and, therefore, should not be used as the only method of product specification or performance with respect to synthetic drainage systems.This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate health and safety practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values in inch-pound units are provided in parentheses for information.

Standard Test Method for Determining Short-Term Compression Behavior of Geosynthetics

ASTM D7290-06(2011) 评价土木工程结构应用高分子复合材料材料性能特征值的标准操作规程

This practice covers the procedures for computing material property characteristic values for polymeric composite materials intended for use in civil engineering structural applications. A characteristic value represents a statistical lower bound on the material property structural member resistance factors for civil engineering design codes for composite structures. This practice may be used to obtain characteristic values for stiffness and strength properties of composite materials obtained from measurements using applicable test methods.1.1 This practice covers the procedures for computing characteristic values of material properties of polymeric composite materials intended for use in civil engineering structural applications. The characteristic value is a statistically-based material property representing the 80 % lower confidence bound on the 5th-percentile value of a specified population. Characteristic values determined using this standard practice can be used to calculate structural member resistance values in design codes for composite civil engineering structures and for establishing limits upon which qualification and acceptance criteria can be based.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Evaluating Material Property Characteristic Values for Polymeric Composites for Civil Engineering Structural Applications

ASTM D4812-06 塑料的无凹口悬臂梁抗冲击强度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of plastics to breakage by flexural shock, as indicated by the energy extracted from standardized pendulum-type hammers, mounted in standardized machines, in breaking standard specimens with one pendulum swing. The result of this test method is reported as energy absorbed per unit of specimen width.Note 1The pendulum-type test instruments have been standardized in that they must comply with certain requirements, including a fixed height of hammer fall that results in a substantially fixed velocity of the hammer at the moment of impact. Pendulums of different initial energies (produced by varying their effective weights) are recommended for use with specimens of different impact strengths. Moreover, manufacturers of the equipment are permitted to use different lengths and constructions of pendulums (with resulting possible differences in pendulum rigidities (see Section ), and other differences in machine design).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are for information only.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 2This standard and ISO 180, Method 1U, are similar in content but are not technically equivalent.

Standard Test Method for Unnotched Cantilever Beam Impact Resistance of Plastics

ASTM D4745-06 聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)模塑和挤压材料的填充化合物标准规范

1.1 This specification covers polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filled molding compounds made with virgin PTFE resins defined in Specification D 4894, except Types I, IV, V, and VI.Note 1This specification can be used as a model for other PTFE compounds having particulate fillers that can survive the sintering temperatures of PTFE as can those listed in this specification. This specification is restricted to virgin PTFE base resin for technical reasons. Recycled or reprocessed material cannot be processed successfully.Note 2The properties measured on commercially fabricated parts may differ from the listed values for samples prepared by the procedures given in this specification, depending on part geometry and processing parameters.Note 3There is no ISO equivalent to this specification.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.The following statement applies to the test method portion, Section , of this specification:This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See and Note 0 for a specific warning statement.

Standard Specification for Filled Compounds of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion Materials

ASTM D7292-06 聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)挤压、压模和注模基本型材的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers requirements and methods of test for the material, dimensions, and workmanship of extruded, compression molded, and injection molded parts manufactured from PAI.1.2 The properties included in this specification are those required for the compositions covered. Requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications are described by the classification system given in Section .1.3 This specification allows for the use of recycled materials provided that specification requirements based upon this specification are met.1.4 The values stated in inch pound units are to be regarded as standard in all property and dimensional tables. For reference purposes, SI units and conversion factors are also included.The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion Section 11, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1There is no known ISO standard equivalent to this standard.

Standard Specification for Extruded, Compression-Molded, and Injection-Molded Basic Shapes of Polyamide-Imide (PAI)

ASTM D6262-05 聚芳基乙醚酮(PAEK)挤制、压缩铸模和注模的基础型材的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers requirements and methods of test for the material, dimensions, and workmanship, and the properties of extruded, compression molded, and injection molded PAEK sheet, plate, rod, and tubular bar manufactured from PAEK.1.2 The properties included in this specification are those required for the compositions covered. Requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications may be described by using the classification system given in Section 4.1.3 This specification allows the use of key clad plastics178; (see Section 4).1.4 The values are stated in inch-pound units and are regarded as the standard in all property and dimensional tables. For reference purposes, SI units are also included in Table 1.1.5The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion Section 11, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

Standard Specification for Extruded, Compression Molded, and Injection Molded Basic Shapes of Poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK)

ASTM D4020-05 超高分子量聚乙烯模压和挤压材料的标准规范

1.1 This specification provides for the identification of virgin, unmodified homopolymer ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) plastics molding and extrusion materials. This identification is made in such a manner that the seller and purchaser can agree on the acceptability of different commercial lots or shipments.1.2 It is not intended to differentiate between various molecular weight grades of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene commercially available.1.3 It is not the function of this specification to provide specific engineering data for design purposes.1.4 Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylenes, as defined in this specification, are those linear polymers of ethylene which have a relative viscosity of 1.44 or greater, in accordance with the test procedures described herein.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion. Section , of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;There is no ISO equivalent specification. However, in ISO 11542-1, a range of viscosity numbers defines the viscosity of UHMW-PE grades. The viscosity numbers are determined in accordance with ISO 1628-3.

Standard Specification for Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Molding and Extrusion Materials

ASTM D788-05 聚甲基丙烯酸酯(PMMA)模制和挤压化合物的标准分类系统

1.1 The purpose of this classification system is to provide a method of adequately identifying PMMA materials using a system consistent with that of Classification System D 4000. It further provides a means for specifying these materials by the use of a simple line callout designation.1.2 This classification system covers poly(methyl methacrylate) molding and extrusion compounds. These compounds are polymers based on methyl methacrylate, and at least 70 % of the polymer shall be polymerized from methyl methacrylate.1.3 The properties in this classification system are those required to identify the compositions covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specific applications. These shall be described by using the suffixes as given in Section .1.4 Acrylic molding and extrusion compounds are used frequently in applications where extreme clarity and the ability to retain that clarity and color under severe weathering and other environmental exposures are of primary significance. While the test specimen properties of this document may be used to evaluate nonvirgin materials, the user should take precautions to ensure that parts made from these materials meet the desired end-use requirements. Accordingly, this specification allows for the use of those acrylic plastic materials that can be recycled, reconstituted, and regrounded provided the following:1.4.1 The requirements as stated in this specification are met,1.4.2 The material has not been modified in any way to alter its conformance to food contact regulations or similar requirements, and1.4.3 The requirements of the particular end-use application are met.1.5 This classification system and subsequent line callout (specification) are not intended for the selection of materials, but only as a means to call out plastic materials to be used for the manufacture of parts. The selection of these materials is to be made by personnel with expertise in the plastics field in which the environment, inherent properties of the materials, performance of the parts, part design, manufacturing process, and economics are considered. Note 1This classification system is similar to ISO 8257-1:1987 in title only. The technical content is significantly different.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Classification System for Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) Molding and Extrusion Compounds

ASTM D1248-05 电线和电缆用聚乙烯塑料挤制材料标准规范

1.1 This specification provides for the identification of polyethylene plastics extrusion materials for wire and cable in such a manner that the seller and the purchaser can agree on the acceptability of different commercial lots or shipments. The tests involved in this specification are intended to provide information for identifying materials according to the types, classes, categories, and grades covered. It is not the function of this specification to provide specific engineering data for design purposes.1.2 This specification does not allow for the use of recycled plastics (see Note 0).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section , of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 2No ISO equivalent.Note 3This standard has undergone major revision from the reapproval of 1989 and now covers only polyethylene for wire and cable applications. For information regarding molding and extrusion materials, see Specification D 4976. For information regarding plastic pipe materials, see Specification D 3350.Note 0See Guide D 5033 for information and definitions related to recycled plastics.

Standard Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Extrusion Materials For Wire and Cable

ASTM D1562-05 纤维素醋酸酯丙酸酯模制和挤制化合物的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers requirements for plasticized cellulose acetate propionate thermoplastic compounds suitable for injection molding and extrusion. These compounds have a propionyl content less than 48 % and an acetyl content less than 3 % and may or may not contain dyes and pigments. Cellulosic plastic materials, being thermoplastic, are reprocessable and recyclable. This specification allows for the use of those cellulosic materials, provided that all specific requirements of this specification are met.1.2 The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the compositions covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications. These may be specified by using the suffixes as given in Section 5.1.3 This classification system and subsequent line call out specification are intended to provide a means of calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastic field after careful consideration of the design and performance required of the part, environment to which it will be exposed, fabrication process to be employed, costs involved, and inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this specification.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;There is no equivalent or similar ISO standard.

Standard Specification for Cellulose Acetate Propionate Molding and Extrusion Compounds

ASTM D6324-05 合成材料制男性避孕套的标准试验方法

New polymer materials for male condoms are being developed. This standard is intended to describe the test methods whose results shall adequately describe the design and the quality of the condoms. These test methods are not intended to be design or material restrictive. The design requirements for each material are unique to that material and shall be validated prior to use.p>1.1 These test methods cover and shall be used to evaluate male condoms made of various synthetic materials. These test methods also describe the minimum inspection and quality levels that shall be utilized in referee tests. It is not intended to be a routine quality control specification for synthetic condom manufacturing operations.1.2 These test methods are intended to assist buyers in obtaining synthetic condoms of consistent quality. The safe and proper use of synthetic condoms is excluded from the scope of these test methods.1.3 The annexes in these test methods include important information, such as that on apparatus or materials, that is a mandatory part of these test methods but too detailed for inclusion in the main text.1.4 The appendixes in these test methods contain information intended to provide guidance.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Male Condoms Made from Synthetic Materials

ASTM D3307-04 全氟烷氧基(PFA)-碳氟树脂模塑及挤压材料标准规范

1.1 This specification covers melt processable molding and extrusion materials of PFA-perfluoro(alkoxy alkane) fluorocarbon resin. The materials are copolymers of TFE-fluorocarbon resins containing perfluoroalkoxy side chains. These materials were formerly the subject of this specification and Specification D 6314.1.2 This specification is intended to provide a means for calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the plastics field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the costs involved, and the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this specification.1.3 This specification does not cover recycled plastics.1.4 The tests involved are intended to provide information for identifying the materials covered. It is not the function of this specification to provide engineering data for design purposes. Specimens prepared by injection molding or extrusion could yield test results that may vary from the values in this specification.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in brackets are for information only.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portions, Sections and of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 18212;This specification, ISO 12086-1(1995), and ISO 12086-2(1995) differ in approach or detail. Data obtained using either may not be technically equivalent.

Standard Specification for Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA)-Fluorocarbon Resin Molding and Extrusion Materials

ASTM E2015-04(2009) 显微检查用的塑料和聚合物试件制备指南

One of the fundamental objectives of microstructural examination of manufactured materials, especially plastics and polymers, is to gain a more complete understanding of the relationships between the manufacturing processes, the microstructure and texture of the material, and the product's performance (that is, physical, optical, or mechanical properties, or combination thereof). Under nearly all conditions, the proper selection and preparation of the specimen are of major importance. Because of the wide range of available equipment; physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of materials; and the personal element, specimen preparation is an art based upon scientific principles. However, like metallographic specimen preparation, certain methods, practices, and procedures can be used to routinely produce acceptable quality plastic and polymeric specimens for microstructural examination. Acceptable quality means: The observed microstructure is free of thermal, mechanical, and chemical alterations, artifacts, damage, or defects resulting from the specimen preparation process. A surface finish appropriate for the microscopical techniques to be used. The microstructure is reproducibly displayed for a given specimen. The mounting, sectioning, grinding, and polishing procedures in this guide may introduce thermal, mechanical, and chemical stresses on the material being prepared for microstructural examination. Thus, knowledge of the material's physical, mechanical, and chemical properties is of importance in selecting the most appropriate technique(s) to reveal its true microstructure and to minimize the total number of steps needed to produce high quality polished specimens. The general guidelines presented below will need to be modified for each type of plastic or polymer to be prepared. Table X1.1 presents general procedures for preparing plastics and polymers. Tables X1.2-X1.5 present procedures for preparing four polymers with very different mechanical properties.1.1 This guide covers recommended procedures and guidelines for the preparation of plastic and polymeric specimens for microstructural examination by light and electron microscopy. 1.2 This guide is applicable to most semi-rigid and rigid plastics, including engineering plastics. This guide is also applicable to some non-rigid plastics. 1.3 The procedures and guidelines presented in this guide are those which generally produce satisfactory specimens. This guide does not describe the variations in techniques required to solve individual problems. 1.4 Many detailed descriptions of grinding and polishing of plastics and polymers are available (1-7). 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Preparation of Plastics and Polymeric Specimens for Microstructural Examination